![]() ![]() If you reverse the question and type “are cats better than dogs?”, you will get results in support of cats. For example, if you type the question “are dogs better than cats?” into an online search engine, articles that argue in favor of dogs will appear first. Example: Selective searchBiased search for information occurs in real life more often than we realize. Evidence that could prove them wrong is systematically disregarded. This type of bias occurs when only positive evidence is sought, or evidence that supports your expectations or hypotheses. There are three main ways that people display confirmation bias: ![]() However, it can also be applied more broadly, to include how we interpret and recall information. Forget this information quickly, not recalling reading or hearing about it later onĬonfirmation bias in psychologyIn psychology, confirmation bias is often restricted to the act of selecting information according to preexisting beliefs, while ignoring or rejecting information supporting contrary beliefs.Focus on criticizing any flaw, while that same flaw would be ignored if the information confirmed our beliefs.On the other hand, if the new information contradicts what we already believe, we respond differently. Recall it later, using it to support our belief during a discussion.When confronted with new information that confirms what we already believe, we are more likely to: Mental “shortcuts” like this are called heuristics. Processing all the facts available to us costs us time and energy, so our brains tend to pick the information that agrees most with our preexisting opinions and knowledge. Frequently asked questions about confirmation biasĬonfirmation bias is a type of cognitive bias, or an error in thinking. ![]()
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